The United Kingdom’s visa policy defines the entry requirements for foreign nationals who wish to visit, work, study, or settle in the UK. Since the end of EU free movement in December 2020, all EU, EEA, and Swiss citizens must now follow the same points-based immigration system as non-EU nationals. Irish citizens continue to enjoy free movement under the Common Travel Area.
UK Visa Application Process
All visa applications must be submitted online through the official UK Government platform. Applicants provide biometric information (facial scan and fingerprints), upload supporting evidence digitally, and pay the required application and healthcare surcharge fees.
EU, EEA, and Swiss Nationals
Citizens of EU, EEA, and Switzerland can typically submit facial scans via the UK Immigration: ID Check app. Fingerprints may not be required for most digital routes. Those applying from outside the UK for work, study, or family visas must still complete biometric enrolment if requested by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).
Non-EU Nationals
Non-EU applicants must provide both fingerprints and a facial photograph at an approved UK Visa Application Centre. Appointments can usually be scheduled online after completing the application form and payment.
Skilled Worker Route
The Skilled Worker Visa allows overseas workers to enter the UK for eligible employment under a licensed sponsor. Applicants must:
- Hold a valid Certificate of Sponsorship from an approved UK employer.
- Meet the required skill level (RQF 3 or above).
- Meet the English language requirement (CEFR B1 level).
- Earn at least £38,700 per year or the occupation’s “going rate,” whichever is higher (2025 threshold).
Candidates may “trade” points for lower salaries if they work in shortage occupations or hold relevant PhD-level qualifications. Employers must also pay the Immigration Skills Charge for sponsored employees.
Global Talent Scheme
The Global Talent Visa supports highly skilled researchers, scientists, engineers, and artists. Applicants can be endorsed by recognised bodies such as the Royal Society, Tech Nation, or Arts Council England, and may apply without a job offer if they are leaders in their field.
Graduate and Student Routes
Graduates from eligible UK institutions can stay for up to 2 years (3 years for PhD graduates) under the Graduate Visa. For new students, the Student Visa requires proof of admission, sufficient funds, and English language proficiency. Applicants must:
- Hold a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from a licensed education provider.
- Demonstrate financial resources to cover tuition and living costs.
- Meet English language standards at CEFR B2 level for higher education.
Visiting the UK
Visitors can apply for a UK Standard Visitor Visa for tourism, short business trips, or private medical treatment. Most visitor visas allow stays of up to 6 months and prohibit employment or long-term study.
Marriage and Family Visas
If you plan to marry or enter a civil partnership in the UK, you must apply for a UK Spouse Visa. Those joining partners, parents, or children living in the UK should apply for a Family Visa, which can lead to settlement after 5 years.
Entering the UK
Eligible travellers from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, and the United States can use ePassport gates on arrival. From October 2025, the UK will also begin phasing in the Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) for short-term visitors, including those from visa-exempt countries.
Immigration Status and Right to Work
Employers must verify every worker’s right to work in the UK. Digital status can be checked using the Home Office online service. Non-EU nationals may still use a valid Biometric Residence Permit or card, though these are being replaced by fully digital immigration records by the end of 2025.
Key Updates in UK Visa Policy (2025)
- Increased salary thresholds for Skilled Worker and Family routes.
- Expansion of the Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) scheme to additional countries.
- Mandatory digital immigration status for all new visa holders by December 2025.
- Graduate Visa review confirming continued access for international students.
About This Page
Author: UK Visa Applications Editorial Team
Reviewed by: Michael Gibbons, UK Solicitor and Regulated Immigration Advisor
Last Updated: 29 January 2026.